Excel
The median and mean can be determined in Excel by using the MEDIAN and AVERAGE function resp. There is also an AVERAGEIF and AVERAGEIFS function to calculate the mean for a specific group.
In earlier versions of Excel there was only one function 'MODE'. This would only return one value (the lowest in cases of multiple modes) without any warning of the existence of any multiple modes.
Since Excel 2010 the old MODE function still works, and is the same as MODE.SINGL, however there is also another function MODE.MULT. This function will show all modes, but is an array function so will require the use of CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER. A problem with this new function is that it requires you to estimate how many modes you expect and for each you go over will return an error. This can be overcome by combining different functions but is a bit tricky.
Another method to obtain the mode, median and mean is by using the Descriptive Statistics option in the Data Analysis tool.
A video showing an example of the above mentioned functions:
SPSS
A few different methods exist to obtain measures of central tendency in SPSS.
- Analyze - Descriptive statistics – Frequencies, under ‘Statistics’ you can select the mode, median and mean.
- Analyze - Descriptive statistics – Descriptives, under Options you can only select the mean.
- Analyze - Descriptive statistics – Explore, no choices but will produce mean and median.
Note that if the data has multiple modes SPSS will only report the lowest, but will add a footnote that multiple modes exist.
A video showing an example of the above mentioned functions:
TI-83
The mean and median from a list can be easily determined by either using [STAT] – CALC – 1: 1-Var Stats, or [2nd][List] – MATH – 3: mean( (or 4: median).
There is unfortunately no function for the mode. The only thing that can be done is either to sort the list (use [STAT] – 2:SortA(, or create a bar-chart to visually check for peaks.
A video showing an example of the above mentioned functions:
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